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Calculator · 102

Viral Coefficient Calculator

Measure whether each cohort brings in the next — and decide whether the loop is self-sustaining or needs work.

invites
%

Viral coefficient (K)

Average
Scenario lens Current · Benchmark · Optimized
Leverage

Formula

K = Invites per user × Invite conversion rate

Understanding the viral coefficient

Reference material — the calculator above stays the primary tool.

What the viral coefficient measures

The viral coefficient, K, is the number of new users each existing user brings in — invites sent multiplied by the share that convert. It is the engine of referral growth: it tells you whether a cohort more than replaces itself through invitations alone.

The threshold is 1.0. Above it, growth is self-sustaining and compounds; below it, referral amplifies acquisition but cannot carry growth on its own.

How to read your result

The result is judged against the 1.0 self-sustaining threshold. The scenario lens then shows how improving invite conversion moves K, pricing the gap toward — or beyond — that threshold.

Below 1.0 — referral assists but does not sustain growth. At 1.0 — each cohort replaces itself. Above 1.0 — growth compounds virally.

What drives K

Two inputs set K, with conversion usually the lever. Treat these as orientation.

ContextTypical median
Invites per userPrompting & incentives
Invite conversionOffer & friction
Cycle timeHow fast K compounds
Incentive both sidesLifts conversion
Levers that raise K

Invite conversion is usually the bigger lever than invite volume: reduce friction to accept, reward both sides, and land invites at moments of high satisfaction. Shortening the invite cycle compounds K faster even at the same value. Model a higher conversion as a scenario above.

K in context

Read this alongside the K-factor and referral growth tools, which the related tools cover. Sustained K above 1.0 is rare; most products use referral to lower blended acquisition cost rather than to grow virally alone.